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India's Green Steel Dreams Ruined by Unsuitable Iron Ore

India’s dreams of becoming a green hydrogen leader have been dealt a blow, as much of the country’s iron ore is unsuitable for producing green steel. Green steel production refers to steel produced through processes that do not emit carbon dioxide, and is achieved by using hydrogen as the ‘reducing agent’ in steel production. However, hydrogen cannot simply replace the use of coke in blast furnaces, which use high-grade ores, in which iron content is over 60%.

Injecting hydrogen into blast furnaces, which require temperatures of 1,000-1,200 degrees C, is technically challenging and economically infeasible. The issue is compounded by the fact that low-grade Indian iron ore can only be made into steel in blast furnaces. Even if green hydrogen is used, the blast furnace would emit a large amount of CO2, rendering the steel non-green. India has invested billions into creating blast furnace-based steel production, which is not suitable for producing green steel.

According to the Australian Commonwealth Industrial & Scientific Research Organization, 66% of India’s iron ore is unsuitable for producing green steel, as it is low-grade. Producing green steel in blast furnaces by injecting hydrogen as a replacement of coke would require pre-heating hydrogen to high temperatures to provide sufficient heat for the blast furnaces, which uses more energy, which must come from renewable sources for the steel to be considered ‘green’.
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Hertha Metals: Spearheading the Sustainable Steel Revolution

The groundbreaking developments in sustainable steel production, led by Ms. Laureen Meroueh's Hertha Metals, is an innovative approach to creating steel without carbon emissions. While traditional steel producers continue to rely on fossil fuels and other non-renewable resources, Hertha Metals is charting a new path towards sustainability. The company has developed a unique method for creating steel using renewable energy and a zero-emissions process. This not only makes Hertha Metals a leader in environmental stewardship but also offers a competitive edge in a rapidly evolving market.

Ms. Meroueh remains optimistic about the future of Hertha Metals and the potential impact of sustainable steel production on the global economy. "We have a responsibility to be good stewards of the earth and to create a better future for generations to come. Hertha Metals is committed to this goal, and we are excited to lead the way towards a more sustainable and equitable future."

Several major companies, including ArcelorMittal and Tata Steel, have shown interest in partnering with Hertha Metals to expand the reach of sustainable steel production. These collaborations would allow for even greater innovations in the field and could drive down costs, making sustainable steel more accessible to a wider range of consumers.
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Konkan to get a boost with AM/NS India's New Steel Plant

AM/NS India is reportedly planning to set up a new plant in the Konkan region of Maharashtra. According to a statement from the state government, the company has expressed its willingness to invest ?80,000 crore in the state and has requested 5,000 acres of suitable land in Konkan to build the facility.

The announcement followed a meeting between the company’s top officials and Deputy Chief Minister Mr. Devendra Fadnavis along with several top bureaucrats from various state departments at the Sahyadri state guest house in Mumbai.

During the meeting, Fadnavis stated that the state could offer 1,000 acres of land bordering Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg district to the company. However, additional land requirements and procedural aspects related to finalizing the location and land acquisition will be decided in a separate meeting with the officials from maritime board and MIDC.
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Green Steel Quotas Recommended in the Automotive Industry

In a recent podcast called "Die Wirtschaftsreporter," Mr. Felix Banaszak, a prominent member of the German Green Party, suggested the use of state funds to support steel companies in their quest for climate neutrality. With the transformation to a climate-neutral steel industry entailing high costs and a significant time commitment, Banaszak called for the state to subsidize the operating costs of producing green steel for 10 to 15 years, using climate protection contracts.

Moreover, Mr. Banaszak called for quotas to be implemented to encourage the use of climate-friendly steel in the automotive industry. Under this recommendation, a certain percentage of steel used in cars would be required to be eco-friendly. Such quotas would help ensure a sustainable, low-carbon future for the automotive industry, which currently contributes significantly to global carbon emissions.

As the automotive industry is one of the most significant steel consumers globally, green steel quotas could have a far-reaching impact. The quotas could also accelerate the transition to a more sustainable economy, helping countries meet their climate targets.

Mr. Banaszak's proposal has sparked a debate among policymakers and industry leaders, with some supporting the initiative while others believe it could lead to higher costs for the automotive industry. Nonetheless, the recommendation highlights the urgent need to take bold action to address climate change and support the transition to a sustainable future.
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Siemens Gamesa Takes Lead in Wind Circularity with GreenerTowers

Siemens Gamesa, a world leader in wind turbine technology, has announced the launch of its GreenerTower, a wind turbine tower made of more sustainable steel that ensures a CO2 reduction of at least 63% in the tower steel plates compared to conventional steel. Siemens Gamesa’s new thorough qualification process verifies that only a maximum of 0.7 metric tons of CO2-equivalent emissions are permitted per metric ton of steel, while maintaining the same steel properties and quality. The tower, which will be available as an option for both onshore and offshore wind turbines for projects to be installed from 2024 onward, will help reduce carbon footprint in the wind industry.

“Wind power is one of the cornerstones of the green energy transition. With the launch of the GreenerTower, Siemens Gamesa leads the efforts to further push wind circularity and net-zero emissions,” says Maximilian Schnippering, Head of Sustainability at Siemens Gamesa.

Tower production currently accounts for more than one-third of all wind-turbine-related CO2 emissions. If all towers installed by the company in one year were replaced with GreenerTowers, it would be equivalent to removing more than 466,000 cars from the roads in Europe for a year.

RWE and Siemens Gamesa have already agreed to introduce 36 GreenerTowers at the 1,000MW Thor offshore wind power project in Denmark. Mr. Sven Utermöhlen, CEO RWE Offshore Wind, said: “By piloting the GreenerTower at our Thor offshore wind farm, RWE is now once again taking the lead by helping to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of wind turbines.”
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China's Steel Industry Booms in Q1

China's steel sector saw a surge in output during the first quarter of 2023, according to industrial data from the China Iron and Steel Association. The data showed that crude steel output increased by 6.1% year-on-year to 262 million metric tons, while the output of pig iron rose by 7.6% from the previous year to 220 million metric tons. Rolled steel also saw a year-on-year increase of 5.8% to 333 million metric tons.

The CISA's data further revealed that crude steel output rose by 6.9% in March alone, reaching 95.73 million metric tons with a daily output of over 3.08 million metric tons.

These figures suggest that China's steel industry has continued its upward trajectory, despite global concerns over rising steel prices and supply chain disruptions.
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BMW Drives Circular Economy with Car2Car Project

BMW Group has announced a research project, named Car2Car, that aims to improve the quality of secondary raw materials obtained from recycling end-of-life vehicles. The project is being led by BMW and will involve representatives from the recycling industry, commodity processors, and scientists. The German Federal Ministry of Economics and Climate Protection is funding the project. The goal of the Car2Car project is to test new technologies to dismantle and process materials like aluminium, steel, glass, copper, and plastics to retain as much value as possible from the initial manufacturing of a car.

According to Mr. Michael Kellner, Parliamentary State Secretary at the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, the funding for the project will make the automotive industry less reliant on raw material imports and ensure a long-term supply of raw materials for the economy, boosting industrial value creation.

The Car2Car project will leverage digital technology and artificial intelligence to speed up the recycling process and improve the quality of recovered raw materials. Currently, material recycling is mostly done manually. BMW Group Senior Vice President Development Body, Exterior Trim and Interior, Uwe Kohler, expressed optimism that the collective knowledge of the various partners involved in the project could lead to new ways of obtaining valuable secondary raw materials. This would help to save natural resources and reduce carbon emissions when manufacturing BMW vehicles.

BMW aims to increase the proportion of secondary materials in its new models from about 30% to 50%. This target is in line with the company's sustainability goals of reducing carbon emissions and resource usage. Through the Car2Car project, BMW and its partners hope to improve the quality and quantity of secondary raw materials and help the automotive industry become more sustainable.
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Epiroc to use SSAB’s Fossil Free Steel for Green Mining Trucks

SSAB, the Swedish steelmaker, has announced a partnership with Epiroc, the mining equipment manufacturer, to deliver fossil carbon emission-free recycled steel. This collaboration marks a significant step towards achieving a zero-emission mining industry. Epiroc has become the first mining company to sign a delivery agreement for SSAB Zero™, a type of recycled steel that has zero fossil carbon emissions. SSAB Zero™ will be used in Epiroc's battery-electric range of underground mine trucks and loaders, which are set to be launched as early as Q3 2023.

The Smart and Green series of battery-electric mine trucks and loaders from Epiroc will rely on SSAB Zero™ for their production. The use of this fossil carbon emission-free recycled steel will make zero-emission underground operations possible. The partnership between SSAB and Epiroc is a significant milestone in Epiroc's quest to produce the world's greenest machines and SSAB's commitment to creating fossil-free value chains.

Mr. Thomas Hörnfeldt, Head of Sustainable Business at SSAB, said, "SSAB Zero™ broadens our zero-emission portfolio and strengthens the business offering, allowing us to bring zero-emission steel to our customers already this year. There is a large demand for this kind of steel, and it is satisfying to have such an offer in place."

Mr. Sami Niiranen, President of Epiroc’s Underground division, expressed his excitement about the partnership, stating, "We are very excited to utilize SSAB’s pioneering low-carbon solutions. This is one of many ways that we are accelerating the transformation of the mining industry – while also helping our customers to reach their sustainability goals."

SSAB Zero™ has zero fossil carbon emissions (less than 0.05 kg CO2e emissions per kg steel in scope 1 and 2) in operations, including purchased energy and transportation. SSAB practices market-based emission factors for the electricity used and may secure fossil-free electricity through electricity guarantees of origin. The company has implemented a system to manage and ensure the correct source and use of alternatives connected to the production of SSAB Zero™, which means that fossil fuels remain in the ground. The raw material used for the production of SSAB Zero™ is recycled steel, which supports the circular economy. SSAB does not engage in carbon emission offsetting activities.
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SAIL Bokaro Steel Plant Takes a Digital Leap with 5G Partnership

SAIL-Bokaro Steel Plant (has made a pioneering move towards digital transformation by signing a groundbreaking Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Telecommunications Consultants India Limited. The partnership is set to explore the potential applications of 5G, IT, and other wireless communication technologies in steel manufacturing, including SAIL's Mines & Collieries, Central Coal Supply Organization, and the SAIL Refractory Unit in Jharkhand.

SAIL-BSL has taken this initiative of becoming the first Public Sector Undertaking in the country to set up a dedicated 5G network with the assistance of TCIL. This move will pave the way for a range of applications in steel manufacturing, mines, collieries, and smart cities.
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US Maintains CVD on Cold Drawn Mechanical Tubing from India

US Department of Commerce has decided to maintain the countervailing duty (order on certain cold-drawn mechanical tubing of carbon and alloy steel from India. The final results of the expedited first sunset review of the CVD order found that revoking the existing order would be likely to lead to the continuation or recurrence of countervailable subsidies.

The subsidy rate for Goodluck India has been set at 8.07%, while Tube Investments of India has been set at 42.77%. All other Indian exporters and producers of subject goods will be levied a CVD rate of 22.63%. This determination became effective on April 20, 2023.
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Layoff Plan due to Force Majeure Approved for ArcelorMittal Gijon

In the aftermath of the fire that occurred at the Gijon smelter in March, a petition for temporary layoffs at ArcelorMittal's Spanish subsidiary has been approved by Spain's labor authorities. ArcelorMittal's plan received the backing of the primary unions. The company did not disclose any details of the plan, which was proposed on March 24. The plan affects approximately 7,000 employees in the Asturias cluster, Sagunto near Valencia, Etxebarri in the Basque region, and Lesaka in Navarra.

According to local reports, the workers affected will retain 90% of their salaries during the six-month period, along with other benefits. In Sagunto, ArcelorMittal produces cold-rolled sheet steel, while Etxebarri specializes in chrome plate steel and Lesaka in colored galvanized plate.

Clearing the damaged site at Gijon is currently ongoing, and the company expects it to conclude within a week and a half, as per a company spokesperson. Following that, the extent of the damage will be assessed, and the company will estimate the costs and timeframe of repairs.

ArcelorMittal's blast furnace A restarted in February, but after four months of inactivity, it was running at reduced rates in line with market conditions. Furnace B continues to operate normally. An initial non-official prognosis cited in local press suggests that the plant will be out of action for at least two months.
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Court of International Trade's Affirms ation of Commerce's No-Subsidy Verdict for Korean Steel

The US Court of International Trade's verdict, announced on April 21, 2023, reaffirmed the US Department of Commerce's ruling that the Korean steel industry does not receive subsidies from its government's low-cost electricity provision. This decision dealt a blow to I.S. steel producers, who had challenged the Department of Commerce's initial ruling.

The court's decision upheld the Department of Commerce's findings that the Korean government does not provide electricity at a lower cost to steel manufacturers compared to other industries, which means the steel sector is not receiving any form of subsidy from the government. The verdict cited the absence of any financial benefits, such as direct cash payments or tax exemptions, that the Korean steel industry receives from the government as evidence to support the verdict.
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Argentina Initiates AD Duty Review on Indian High-Speed Steel Saw Blades

Argentina's Ministry of Economy has initiated the second anti-dumping sunset review on high-speed steel manual saw blades from India. The review period will investigate whether the existing AD duties, set at US$0.13 per unit in 2018, should be continued. The products under review fall under the MERCOSUR Common Nomenclature (NCM) 8202.91.00 and 8202.99.90 tariff codes.

While the review is ongoing, the current AD duties will remain in effect, and Indian companies will need to continue paying the duties on their exports to Argentina. The review is expected to be completed within the next year.

The review comes after a petition was filed by one of the country's leading manufacturers, citing continued dumping practices by Indian companies. According to the company, the alleged dumping has resulted in significant damage to the domestic industry, including loss of market share and revenue.

India is a major exporter of high-speed steel manual saw blades, and this move by Argentina could impact trade relations between the two countries.
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Second Circuit Reaffirms US Steel's Triumph in Contract Dispute

On April 21, 2023, a Second Circuit panel dismissed Yookel's claims that US Steel Corp deceived them into purchasing property at an industrial site. The appellate court upheld the lower court's verdict in favor of US Steel, marking a significant victory for the steel manufacturer.

The case centered on Yookel's allegation that U Steel Corp misled them into buying a property that was no longer fit for industrial use. However, the court ruled that Yookel was not justified in its claim as it failed to conduct a thorough due diligence before the purchase.
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Olympic Steel Strengthens Leadership with New Vice Presidents

Olympic Steel, a leading US metals service center, has announced the appointment of new vice presidents. The company has appointed Mr Andrew F. Wolfort as the Vice President of Corporate Development and Strategy, and Mr. Matthew J. Rinklin as Vice President of Procurement and Supply Chain.
As Vice President of Corporate Development and Strategy, Mr. Wolfort will be responsible for driving growth and executing the company's strategic initiatives. Mr. Rinklin, as Vice President of Procurement and Supply Chain, will oversee the procurement of raw materials, transportation, and supply chain management.

Mr. Wolfort, who holds a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Master of Business Administration from the University Of Chicago Booth School Of Business, brings more than a decade of experience in corporate strategy and business development to his new role.

Mr. Rinklin, who has a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from The Ohio State University and a Master of Business Administration from Case Western Reserve University, has over 20 years of experience in procurement and supply chain management.

Olympic Steel, founded in 1954, is a leading metals service center that specializes in the processing and distribution of carbon, stainless, aluminum, and specialty metals. With 29 facilities in North America, Olympic Steel offers a wide range of products and services to customers in a variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, construction, and energy.
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NCLT Mumbai Approves Steel Line’s Resolution Plan for J-Marks

The Mumbai bench of the National Company Law Tribunal has approved the resolution plan submitted by Steel Line for J-Marks Exim under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. The approval marks a major milestone for the resolution of the insolvency case, providing relief to the creditors of J-Marks Exim.

Steel Line emerged as the successful bidder for J-Marks Exim after a competitive bidding process, and the resolution plan submitted by the company was found to be viable and feasible by the Committee of Creditors of J-Marks Exim.

J-Marks Exim, which is engaged in the business of trading iron and steel products, had defaulted on its payment obligations, leading to the initiation of insolvency proceedings against the company under the IBC.

Following the NCLT's approval, Steel Line will take over the management of J-Marks Exim and implement its resolution plan. The plan envisages the revival and continuation of the business of J-Marks Exim, with a focus on streamlining its operations and improving its financial performance.

Steel Line (India) is a young and dynamic company that was established in the year 2022. The company specializes in the manufacture and trade of a wide range of stainless steel products, including pipes, sheets, flanges, plates, coils, bars, and fittings, among others.
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SpaceX: Blasting Boundaries and Beyond

SpaceX’s Starship mega-rocket is unlike anything the company has ever built before, with a predominantly silver appearance made from a non-corrosive alloy called 300-series stainless steel. Most rockets are made from lightweight metals such as aluminum and titanium, as steel is heavy and can impact payload capacity. However, steel performs better in extreme temperatures than titanium, which is especially important for deep space travel.

The rocket's two-stage design consists of the first stage rocket booster, Super Heavy, and the second stage spacecraft, Starship, which are completely silver and half silver-half black, respectively.

The silver color of Starship comes from the stainless steel used to build it, making it the first rocket made of steel since the 1950s.

SpaceX’s black-studded Starship spacecraft has a black underbelly, which consists of a series of heat-resistant hexagonal tiles made of silica to protect it from scorching temperatures during Earth's atmosphere re-entry. The hexagonal shape is an extra measure to prevent the spacecraft from overheating and exploding.

Founder Mr. Elon Musk has big plans for the rocket despite the recent explosion shortly after lift-off. The Starship spacecraft is designed to shuttle humans to the moon and Mars, which will expose the spacecraft to temperatures as low as minus 270 degrees Celsius.
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BlueScope Steel Upgrades Second-Half Earnings Estimate

BlueScope Steel, Australia's largest steelmaker, has announced an upgraded earnings estimate for the second half of 2023, citing strong demand from the construction and infrastructure sectors. The company now expects underlying earnings before interest and taxes to be between A$1.8 billion and A$1.9 billion, up from its previous estimate of A$1.6 billion to A$1.7 billion. The upgraded forecast represents a significant improvement from the same period last year, when BlueScope Steel reported EBIT of A$512.6 million.

According to the company, the upgrade reflects strong demand from key markets, including Australia, the United States, and Southeast Asia.

BlueScope Steel CEO Mr. Mark Vassella noted that the company's investment in advanced manufacturing technologies and sustainability initiatives has helped to drive growth and improve margins. "Our continued focus on innovation and sustainability is driving demand for our products and allowing us to capture value in a highly competitive market," Vassella said.
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Industry Associations Seek Legal Basis of EU Packaging & Packaging Waste Regulation

In a joint statement, various industry associations have expressed their strong support for the European Union’s ambitions to create a circular economy. They also welcomed the EU Commission’s proposal to transform Directive 94/62/EC on Packaging and Packaging Waste (PPWD) into a Regulation while maintaining the internal market legal basis (Article 114 TFEU).

The industry associations expressed concern over the potential erosion or split of the Regulation’s legal basis as part of the co-decision process. The introduction of the internal market legal basis in the 1994 PPWD was intended to address differences among various national rules on the management of packaging and packaging waste, while providing a high level of environmental protection. However, the packaging value chain has witnessed an increase of unilateral and divergent national packaging requirements in recent years, leading to internal market barriers, environmental trade-offs, and losses in economies of scale.

The signatories strongly believe that the introduction of Article 192 TFEU (environmental protection) as a legal basis for some or all of the articles of the PPWR will further exacerbate the current situation, create legal uncertainty about the residual responsibilities of Member States, and adversely impact the free movement of packaged goods within the EU. They argue that a strengthened market for secondary materials and a strong and resilient EU single market represent fundamental enablers of circularity, which will create greater economies of scale and underpin the investment needed to realize a circular and climate-neutral economy in Europe.

The industry associations also highlighted the central role that packaging plays in contributing to a resource-efficient and circular economy. For instance, by optimising resource use, minimising product and food waste, and protecting products all along the value chain. Ensuring that packaging waste is duly collected and makes its way into recycling allows valuable raw materials to come back in the value chain and be used across the Single Market

The signatories urged co-legislators to preserve in its entirety the internal market legal basis, which is best suited to serve the environmental and economic objectives of the proposed Regulation. They argued that the potential for harmonization would be weakened by a patchwork of national packaging legislations, to the detriment of consumers, environmental protection, and the competitiveness of European industry.
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Ternium Takes Ecological Initiative to Protect our Planet

On Earth Day, Ternium, a leading steel and mining company, shared its current initiatives aimed at taking care of the communities where it operates. The company has taken a strong stance on decarbonization and is actively implementing actions to care for the environment. Its strategy against climate change includes international initiatives that protect the flora and fauna around its plants.

Ternium conducts fieldwork before starting construction of new facilities to preserve biodiversity. It also maintains a continuous control and surveillance program in conservation areas. The company defines ecological connectivity between its terrain and natural ecosystems, develops rescue programs to release wildlife in those areas, and installs wildlife connectivity gates for reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals.

The company's initiatives include protecting 600 hectares of mangroves within Sepetiba Bay, near its Rio de Janeiro plant. Ternium collaborates with the Botos de Sepetiba project of the Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute and the NGO Boto Cinza Institute, which studies more than 30 animals between dolphins and whales.

Ternium also maintains an alliance with the Rewilding Argentina Foundation to reintroduce endangered species such as jaguars and giant otters in the region of the Esteros del Iberá. Its Fisheries Industrial Center has 99 hectares of ecological reserve where 32,386 specimens of flora and 681 of fauna have been rescued, including birds, rabbits, and coyotes.

After the greenfield project of Palmar de Varela in Colombia, Ternium implemented a wildlife rescue and relocation program that has resettled more than 1,200 animals, including amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. In Mexico, a reforestation project has been maintained for two years in Planta Guerrero to increase green areas. In the last five years, around 400,000 trees have been planted in the old mining operations located in the states of Colima, Jalisco, and Michoacán.
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